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Need-to-know photography terms?

I'm a new-comer to the DSLR world, and there are still terms I don't know. I know basic things like field of depth, aperature, etc. But I would still like the very basics, up to more advanced things. [:
(When I say basic I EVEN mean the ones I said I knew, lol. That basic.)

I'm REALLY bad with all the things on my left 'nob'. ISO, and things like that.. Well I guess I know them, but I don't have the exact definitions down.

Please list from basic to advanced. [:

ISO. This is a measurement of the sensitivity to light of a light sensitive surface, either film or digital sensor. The lower the number the less sensitive so 100 is less sensitive than 200, 200 is less sensitive than 400, etc. ISO 100 is generally preferred for shooting outdoors or with flash while a higher ISO is needed indoors when you aren't using a flash. The higher the ISO the more grain (with film) and the more noise (with digital).

Aperture. This is an opening formed by the movable blades of the diaphragm inside the lens. It controls how much light is admitted. This is also known as the f-stop and is expressed as full stops such as 1.4, 2, 2.8, 4, 5.6, 8, 11, 16, 22 and on some lenses 32. This is an inverse relationship - the SMALLER the number the LARGER the opening. So f1.4 is a very large opening and f16 is a very small opening.

Shutter Speed. The shutter speed determines how long the light admitted by the lens is allowed to expose our film or sensor to make a correct exposure at a given f-stop and ISO. So if you're outside on a sunny day using ISO 100 and use f5.6 your shutter speed will be faster than it would be if you used f16.

The above three terms make up the Exposure Triangle. They are inter-related and changing one means changing at least one of the other two and in some situations both. Since with a digital camera all three are variables and working with three variables is difficult and confusing its always best to make one a constant. Setting the ISO at 100 will suffice for most of your photography outdoors.

The old "Sunny 16 Rule" is an easy way to see the ISO/Aperture/Shutter Speed relationship. It states: "On a sunny day, set your aperture to f16 and your shutter speed to 1/ISO."

ISO 100

f32 @ 1/25 sec.
f22 @ 1/50 sec.
f16 @ 1/100 sec. "Sunny 16"
f11 @ 1/200 sec.
f8 @ 1/400 sec.
f5.6 @ 1/800 sec.
f4 @ 1/1600 sec.
f2.8 @ 1/3200 sec. Close to the maximum shutter speed on consumer-grade DSLRs.
f2 @ 1/6400 sec. Close to the maximum shutter speed of pro-grade DSLRs like the Canon 1D.
f1.4 @ 1/12,800 sec. Exceeds any maximum shutter speed I know of.

As you can see, when we "open up" our lens from f16 to f11 more light is admitted so our shutter speed increases to compensate. If we "stop down" from f16 to f22 less light is admitted and our shutter speed decreases to compensate.

These sites will also help you:

http://www.dpreview.com/learn/

http://www.digital-photography-school.com

http://www.kamerasimulator.se/eng/?page_id=2

http://www.photonhead.com

http://www.illustratedphotography.com/photography-tips/basic

http://www.dofmaster.com/dofjs.html

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